Gilsonite in Cementing

Gilsonite In Cementing

Gilsonite is used in cementing slurries to provide density control, scouring action for mud removal, and to support compressive strength development. It has a unique reaction with shale that improves cement bond development and strength.The wellbore is the primary hole on which the final well will be made. Also, wellbores can be encased by steel or cement or in some cases, depending on the situation, may not be encased.In oil wells, it is necessary to encase the wellbore by cement. Adding the Gilsonite material during oil well cementing enhances the isolation characteristics while decreasing the vertiginous Gas flows. These characteristics can result in more effective mud removal which also enhances the environmental factors. Drilling environmental regulations are getting more and stricter around the world.

Gilsonite in Oil Well Cementing Advantages

Gilsonite significantly improves cement properties, cuts cost, and difficulty of consuming several additives. Gilsonite guarantees zonal isolation, diminishes environmental hazard, enhances ultimate recovery, and lowers total cost of ownership for the life of a well. Cement integrity and wellbore architecture are considered vital to performance and total recovery of wells. Thanks to its distinctive chemical properties and physical appearances, Gilsonite is the supreme cement additive for a wide range of wellbore configurations.

Gilsonite is a soft rock with the specific gravity of 1.04. So it can act simply as an easy rock to be pumped down the well.
Gilsonite Application will decrease the return of the gasses to the surface. The Nature of Gilsonite is adaptable with Oil matters including resins used in cement. While using High Softening Point Gilsonite (above 180) shall avoid softening of the sand pumping down and keeps the thickening intact.

Cementing with Gilsonite significantly decreases the cost of water agents caused by loss of free water. A cement produced by Gilsonite is suitable for blocking or plugging an abandoned pipeline or backfilling a mine shaft, tunnel or excavations contains Portland cement or a mixture of at least two components selected from Portland cement, A cementitious slurry, formulated from the cement mix, may have a density less than or equal to 1500kg/m3, and exhibits good compressive strength.

In the formulation of the cementing composition of the invention, it is preferable to employ Gilsonite in an amount ranging from approximately one-half to approximately ten times by volume the amount of the cement utilized, depending upon the particular result desired.
The lower range is employed where maximum strength is important; the higher range where the various qualities imparted by the gilsonite are most important.

Particle size and particle size distribution of the Gilsonite determine the strength and porosity-permeability characteristics of the set cement for any given mix ratio.
Where maximum strength is desirable, a coarse gilsonite Where lightest weight and lowest porosity-permeability are important and strength is to be sacrificed or is of little importance, an aggregate of minus 50 mesh or finer may be used.

Cement slurry

Conditions are often encountered in the field requiring various combinations of particle size and particle size distribution. The above examples represent extremes. The mix must, however, always pumpable through the system from the mixing point to the final point of placement of the cement slurry. The coarser the aggregate, the less that may be present in any given slurry without impeding pump ability.
For example, a cement-Gilsonite ration of 1:4, using the coarse aggregate specified above, is difficult to pump and is likely to plug restricted passages in the system, whereas the same mix, using the fine aggregate specified above, will never plug if the water-cement ratio is high enough.
An amount of a petroleum solvent which depends upon the amount of Gilsonite present, may be added to the wet or dry mix for wetting the surface of the Gilsonite particles and causing them to form an intimate bond with casing and earth formations of the bore hole, thus preventing corrosion and minimizing pulling away of the cement from the casing and/or borehole wall by reason of the shrinkage normal to setting of the cement.
Instead of adding the solvent directly to the mix, it may be pumped through the casing and into the cementing zone in advance of the Gilsonite-cement slurry.

Set Cement Benefits

• Maintains compressive strength, unlike coal or fly ash
• Increases flexibility
• Reduces cracking
• Heals micro fissures
• Reduces permeability
• Strengthens bond to the formation and the casing
• Reduces environmental risk
• Assures zonal isolation

Cement Slurry Benefits

• Increases yield
• Reduces slurry weight
• Controls free water
• Lowers slurry water ratio
• Promotes favorable rheologies resulting in lower ECDs
• Prevents lost circulation
• Scours wellbore/enhances mud removal

Gilsonite in Drilling Fluid Loss Control

Drilling Fluid Loss Control

One of the important features of Gilsonite is it’s softening point temperature, Which has made Gilsonite effective in the following cases:

1- In oil-base muds, it is used as a fluid loss control agent

The addition of Gilsonite to oil well cements reduces slurry weight without loss of compression strength and acts as an effective bridging and plugging agent to seal fractures in weak formations while cementing.

2- In water-base muds, it is used as a shale-stabilizing additive and is difficult to evaluate unless tested at or above its softening point.

It helps minimize hole washout by stabilizing troublesome shales, and seals off highly permeable sands while reducing torque and drag

• As an integral component of premium drilling fluid products.
• The dissolved Gilsonite increases drilling fluid viscosity, providing lubrication, and together with the sealing off and stabilization of problem rock around the well bore, helps prevent the drill pipe from getting stuck in well.

Gilsonite prevents formation damage
Gilsonite forms a physical and chemical bond with permeable formations, creating an effective seal to prevent the passage of drilling fluid. By uniquely functioning as both a malleable and solid plugging agent, Gilsonite controls fluid loss and seepage, prevents lost circulation and protects reactive and low-reactive shale surfaces, even at elevated bottom hole temperatures.

Proven to strengthen the wellbore
HP/HT wells, shales and under pressured zones require specialized drilling fluids and wellbore-strengthening techniques. Adding Gilsonite to an OBM, SBM or WBM strengthens the well by:

• Reducing pore pressure transmission and sealing micro-fractures in shale and low-porosity sands
• Keeping interbedding formations intact
• Developing effective filter cake
• Providing a “smear effect” that creates a continuous protective sealant along the wellbore wall

The most effective additive to prevent differential sticking
Gilsonite minimizes the occurrence of stuck pipe and stuck logging tools by thoroughly sealing permeable formations – even in zones with a highly overbalanced pressure differential – and improving filter cake lubricity.

Gilsonite is the only drilling fluid additive that provides all of these benefits:

• Controls fluid loss and seepage
• Stabilizes shales
• Prevents lost circulation
• Strengthens the wellbore to increase wellbore stability
• Minimizes differential sticking
• Promotes effective filter cake development
• Performs in oil- and water-based drilling muds
• Performs in HP/HT environments
• Minimizes HSE risks

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES

Naturally occurring Gilsonite has significant health advantages over synthetic products. Gilsonite is:

• Non-toxic (unlike coal or fly ash)
• Non-carcinogenic
• Non-mutagenic

Packing of Gilsonite in lump and powder form

For Drilling Fluid Loss Control

FLC in lump form like rock packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

FLC 200 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 300 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 30-40 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 100 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 300 mesh packed in 25 kg pp bag.

Drilling fluid additive 200 mesh packed 25 kg multi-paper bag.

Drilling fluid additive 200 mesh packed 50 lbs. multi-paper bag.

Drilling fluid additive 30-40 mesh packed pp bag on pallet.

Base Oil SN500

Base Oil SN500 Description

Base Oil SN500 is a base oil at upper end of the specifications for Grade I base oils which has undergone solvent refining and dewaxing processes. It offers broad blending coverage with performance capabilities in a broad range of lubricant applications including marine, automotive and industrial applications.

It is a Group I base oil that has undergone solvent refining and dewaxing processes. This oil has no impurities or compounds that can have an adverse effect on the quality of the oil.

Base oils are used to manufacture products including lubricating greases, motor oil and metal processing fluids. Different products require different compositions and properties in the oil.

One of the most important factors is the liquid’s viscosity at various temperatures. Whether or not a crude oil is suitable to be made into a base oil is determined by the concentration of base oil molecules as well as how easily these can be extracted.

Since most of the base oil used in the production of lubricants obtained from oil resources.

base oil properties of the oil obtained is dependent on the type of crude oil and refining operations. base oil is chemical components during the refining process of crude oil from which it obtained, to inherit. Since crude oil containing different combinations such as paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic and aromatic sulfur compounds are also, base oil are also made up of these compounds.

base oil composition comprising a major effect on the properties of spent oils, paraffinic compounds, naphthenic and aromatic.

Base Oil SN500 Applications

Base oil SN500 serves as a base stock for several industrial lubricants

• Motor oil
• Industrial oil
• Lubricating greases
• Metal processing fluids
• Additives
• Hydraulic oils
• Transformer oils
• Coating
• Medicine
• Paints

Packing

packed in new or used 210 kg drums, iso tank, flexitanks, and IBC tank. Each 20-foot container takes 80 drums.

Handling health & Safety

Lubricants consisting of highly refined mineral oils with specification additives. In normal conditions of use, this lubricant presents no particular toxic hazard. All lubricants, of any kind should be handled with great care, particularly avoiding can contact with the skin.

Prevent any splashing, and keep away from combustible materials. Store undercover and away from any risk of pollution. Dispose of the used oil correctly; don’t pour down drains, into watercourses or the soil.

Specification of SN500

SPECIFICATION	LIMIED	TEST RESULT	METHOD
Viscosity @100˚C	Max 10.8	11	ASTM D-445
Viscosity @40˚C	Report	100	ASTM D-445
Viscosity Index	Min 87	94	ASTM D-2270
Flash Point ˚C	235	240	ASTM D-92
Pour point	Max -3	-5	ASTM D-6749
Total Acid Number mgKOH/g	0	0.03	ASTM D-664
Color	2	2	ASTM D-1500
Density at 15°C,Kg/L	Report	0.895	ASTM D-4052

Base Oil SN350

Description of Base Oil SN350

Base Oil SN350 For lubrication oil which is considered as a basis and after adding additives to the final lubricant called based oil.

In terms of volume of lubricant base oil is one of the most important components in the lubricant base oil formulation, on average, 95% up. Some groups, such as hydraulic and compressor lubricant, chemical additives and only 1% base oil makes up 99% combined.

Other lubricants like metal working fluids, lubricants and gear oils contain additives may be up to 30%. base oil can be obtained from oil or non-oil sources.

Mineral base oils are intended for the most commercial lubricants production. They are produced from the vacuum distillates and residual components using the traditional refining methods (selective treatment, dewaxing, further deresination for the residual components).

Base oil is produced by means of refining crude oil. This means that the crude oil is heated in order that various distillates can be separated from one another. During the heating process, light and heavy hydrocarbons are separated – the light ones can be refined to make petrol and other fuels, while the heavier ones are suitable for bitumen and base oils.

Uses

Base oil SN350 serves as a base stock for several industrial lubricants

• General-purpose oils
• Mould oil
• Transmission fluids
• Gear Oils
• Metalworking fluids
• Additives
• Hydraulic Oils
• Transformer Oils

Base Oil SN350 Packing

packed in new or used 210 kg drums, iso tank, flexibags, and IBC tank. Each 20-foot container takes 80 drums.

Handling health & Safety

Lubricants consisting of highly refined mineral oils with specification additives. In normal conditions of use, this lubricant presents no particular toxic hazard. All lubricants, of any kind should be handled with great care, particularly avoiding can contact with the skin.

Prevent any splashing, and keep away from combustible materials. Store undercover and away from any risk of pollution. Dispose of the used oil correctly; don’t pour down drains, into watercourses or the soil.

Specification of Base Oil SN350

SPECIFICATION	MIN	MAX	METHOD
Viscosity @100˚C	7.5	9	ASTM D-445
Viscosity @40˚C	67	70	ASTM D-445
Viscosity Index	90	100	ASTM D-2270
Flash Point ˚C	220	230	ASTM D-92
Pour point	0	0	ASTM D-97
Total Acid Number mgKOH/g	0	0.03	ASTM D-664
Color	2	2.5	ASTM D-1500
Density	0.880	0.882	ASTM D-1298

Base Oil SN150

Description of Base Oil SN150

Base oil SN150 is known as a light grade base oil at the lower end of the specifications for Grade I light base oils. It is mostly used in lubricant and lubricant additives production. It is a Group I base oil which has undergone solvent refining processes. To finish the refining, it was hydrogen treated to clear out any impurities. These products have good solubility characteristics for additives in product formulations.

SN 150, is base oil categorized in group I is a common quality base oil which uses in different applications base oils SN150 are used to manufacture products including lubricating greases, motor oil, and metal processing fluids, and many other applications One of the most important ISSUE is the viscosity at various temperatures.

Whether or not a crude oil is suitable to be made into a base oil is determined by the concentration of base oil molecules as well as how easily these can be extracted. This oil has no impurities or compounds that can have an adverse effect on the quality of the oil.

The lubricant base oils under the SN classification are GI base oils produced at our refineries. They are non-labelled products that are mainly used as the primary raw material in

formulating lubricating oils for industry in general. They are paraffinic, with low polycyclic aromatic content.

These base oils are obtained by direct distillation of highly paraffinic crude or by extraction with propane of the vacuum residue obtained with this type of crude These products, supported in suitable conditions of storage, in sealed containers and preserved from the water and other agents, does not suffer degradation.

Nevertheless, from the commercial point of view, we can indicate that the shelf life is four years from the date of manufacture

Application

The main field of application for these base oils is the formulation of lubricating oils for automobiles, industry, maritime use, greases and other special applications. The wide range of viscosity levels of the SN series means it can cover all the most common lubrication needs of these applications. These base oils can also be used for the production of white oils and as a fluidifier in asphalt production

Base Oils are used to manufacture products including motor oil, Industrial oil, Grease and etc.

• General-purpose oils
• Mould oil
• Transmission fluids
• Gear Oils
• Metalworking fluids
• Additives
• Hydraulic Oils
• Transformer Oils

Packing

Packed in new or used 210 kg drums, Iso tank, flexi Tanks, and IBC tank. Each 20-foot container takes 80 drums.

Specification of Base Oil SN150

SPECIFICATION	MIN	MAX	METHOD
Viscosity @100˚C	4.7	5.7	ASTM D-445
Viscosity @40˚C	19	24	ASTM D-445
Viscosity Index	90	110	ASTM D-2270
Flash Point ˚C	200	–	ASTM D-92
Pour point	0	-6	ASTM D-97
Total Acid Number mgKOH/g	0	0.03	ASTM D-664
Color	–	1	ASTM D-1500

Base Oil

Description of Base Oil

Base oil is used to manufacture products including lubricating greases, motor oil and metal processing fluids. Different products require different compositions and properties in the oil. One of the most important factors is the liquid’s viscosity at various temperatures.

 Whether or not a crude oil is suitable to be made into a base oil is determined by the concentration of base oil molecules as well as how easily these can be extracted. Base oil is produced by means of refining crude oil.

 This means that crude oil is heated in order that various distillates can be separated from one another. During the heating process, light and heavy hydrocarbons are separated – the light ones can be refined to make petrol and other fuels, while the heavier ones are suitable for bitumen and base oils.

 There are large numbers of crude oils all around the world that are used to produce base oils. The most common one is a type of paraffinic crude oil, although there are also naphthenic crude oils that create products with better solubility and very good properties at low temperatures.

 By using hydrogenation technology, in which sulfur and aromatics are removed using hydrogen under high pressure, you can obtain extremely pure base oils, which are suitable when quality requirements are particularly stringent.

 Chemical substances – additives – are added to the base oil in order to meet the quality requirements for the end products in terms of, for example, friction and cleaning properties. Certain types of motor oils contain more than twenty percent additives.

 

Base Oil Groups

The first three groups are refined from petroleum crude oil.
Group IV base oils are full synthetic (polyalphaolefin) oils. Group V is for all other base oils not included in Groups I through IV. Before all the additives are added to the mixture, lubricating oils begin as one or more of these five API groups.

Group I:

Group I base oils are classified as less than 90 percent saturates, greater than 0.03 percent sulfur and with a viscosity-index range of 80 to 120. The temperature range for these oils is from 32 to 150 degrees F. Group I base oils are solvent-refined, which is a simpler refining process. This is why they are the cheapest base oils on the market.

Group II:

Group II base oils are defined as being more than 90 percent saturates, less than 0.03 percent sulfur and with a viscosity index of 80 to 120. They are often manufactured by hydrocracking, which is a more complex process than what is used for Group I base oils. Since all the hydrocarbon molecules of these oils are saturated,

Group II base oils have better antioxidation properties. They also have a clearer color and cost more in comparison to Group I base oils. Still, Group II base oils are becoming very common on the market today and are priced very close to Group I oils.

Group III:

Group III base oils are greater than 90 percent saturates, less than 0.03 percent sulfur and have a viscosity index above 120. These oils are refined even more than Group II base oils and generally are severely hydrocracked (higher pressure and heat). This longer process is designed to achieve a purer base oil.

Although made from crude oil, Group III base oils are sometimes described as synthesized hydrocarbons. Like Group II base oils, these oils are also becoming more prevalent.

Group IV:

Group IV base oils are polyalphaolefins (PAOs). These synthetic base oils are made through a process called synthesizing. They have a much broader temperature range and are great for use in extreme cold conditions and high heat applications.

Group V:

Group V base oils are classified as all other base oils, including silicone, phosphate ester, polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyester, biolabs, etc. These base oils are at times mixed with other base stocks to enhance the oil’s properties. An example would be a PAO-based compressor oil that is mixed with a polyester.

Esters are common Group V base oils used in different lubricant formulations to improve the properties of the existing base oil. Ester oils can take more abuse at higher temperatures and will provide superior detergency compared to a PAO synthetic base oil, which in turn increases the hours of use.

Recycled Oil

Reconditioned oil is a subcategory of recycled oil, where recycled oil is mixed with additives to help prolong its usable life. Reconditioned oil is typically only good for one-time use, however, and not suitable in automobiles.

Automotive oil recycling involves the recycling of used oils and the creation of new products from the recycled oils, and includes the recycling of motor oil and hydraulic oil.

Oil recycling also benefits the environment. increased opportunities for consumers to recycle oil lessens the likelihood of used oil being dumped on lands and in waterways. For example, one gallon of motor oil dumped into waterways has the potential to pollute one million gallons of water.

Additionally, limited availability of feedstock required for the manufacture of virgin oil is driving the need for use of recycled base oil. Producing base oil from crude oil is an energy-intensive process.

Uses of RC Base Oil:

Recycling used oil keeps it from polluting soil and water.
Motor oil does not wear out—it just gets dirty—so recycling it saves a valuable resource.
Less energy is required to produce a gallon of re-refined base stock than a base stock from crude oil.

Uses of Base Oil:

Base oil serves as a base stock for several industrial lubricants

• Motor oil
• Industrial oil
• Lubricating greases
• Metal processing fluids
• Additives
• Hydraulic oils
• Transformer oils
• Coating
• Medicine
• Paints

Packing

Base Oil packed in new or used 210 kg drums, Iso tank, flex tanks, and IBC tank. Each 20-foot container takes 80 drums.

Handling health & Safety

Lubricants consisting of highly refined mineral oils with specification additives. In normal conditions of use, this lubricant presents no particular toxic hazard. All lubricants, of any kind should be handled with great care, particularly avoiding can contact with the skin.

Prevent any splashing, and keep away from combustible materials. Store undercover and away from any risk of pollution. Dispose of the used oil correctly; don’t pour down drains, into watercourses or the soil.