Gilsonite In Foundry & Construction

Gilsonite Usage In Foundry & Construction

Gilsonite is combined with coal and other ingredients as an additive in foundry sands to ensure the quality of the molded part. In sand case, by adding Gilsonite and asphalts at approximately one-third the level of sea coal the pitch had the same 900°F (482.2°C) volatiles. At this level, loss on ignition with asphalt, and Gilsonite was less than 50% of that obtained with seacoal and pitch while the Gilsonite and asphalts evolved less total gas when compared to seacoal and pitch Gilsonite had the least visible smoke generated in the laboratory tests. The lower gas evolution should reduce ventilation load on the pouring floor. The physical property relationships developed in new sand mixes were confirmed by sand using Gilsonite as an additive. Casting finish off a Gilsonite mix has been equal to Seacoal.

For High-Value Iron Castings, Gilsonite Performs Like No Other.
Foundries around the world have known for decades that – when put to the fire of molten iron – Gilsonite brings high performance to your foundry sand.
For your complex, high-value iron castings, Natural Bitumen performs like no other carbon additive. Gilsonite naturally superior properties mean high-quality castings with better finish and fewer imperfections.

Asphalt has been the subject of exhaustive study to improve characteristics for use in paving. Various properties of asphalt are manipulated to produce a product that has the appropriate wear properties, rut resistance, fatigue and low temperature cracking resistance, adhesion strength, viscosity and pour point. Rut resistance is resistance to longitudinal surface depressions in the wheel paths. Adhesion strength is the maximum adhesion strength of the joint sealant and the joint reservoir, including but not limited to, between the aggregate and the binder.

Shove resistance is resistance to permanent, longitudinal displacement of a localized area of the pavement surface caused by traffic pushing against the pavement. Heavy hydrocarbon that can be derived from, without limitation, natural asphalt (Gilsonite), shale asphalt, bottoms from a solvent deasphalting process, hard asphalt, blown asphalt, stiff refined asphalt, a flux. Asphalt is usually the base ingredient for the primer and the binder.

A primer can be asphalt, fibers (including but not limited to, mineral or cellulose), processing agent (including but not limited to, oligomeric wax, carboxilated, derivative of oligiomeric wax, or low molecular weight polyolefin), polymeric or elastomeric additive, or asphalt-derived. A primer melts to the aggregate. Asphalt binders without polymers are referred to as “neat”.

Advantages

Gilsonite Usage in Foundry & Construction

• Reduce imperfections due to the rapid reactions
• Improve sand peel from casting at shake out
• Produce smoother, cleaner casting surface
• Minimize imperfections, casting losses, scrap
• Three times as much gas generated as sea coal for better mold release
• High lustrous carbon for better finish
• Reductive atmosphere for less reaction between mold and casting for fewer imperfections

Gilsonite In Coating

Gilsonite Usage In Coating

There are few prior art coating compositions which combine the highly desired characteristics of economy, low raw material cost and compatibility with most of the raw materials used in the paint, varnish and enamel industry, and at the same time are also highly resistant to acid and alkali materials, non-corrosive toward the surface upon which they are applied, weather-resistant and of high electrical insulating value. There is, however, one composition which possesses all of these properties. This composition is one containing gilsonite as a principal constituent. For example, a Gilsonite and drying oil composition possesses all of these desirable qualities to a considerable extent.

Gilsonite is one of the purest natural bitumens available and is used in the manufacture of black varnishes, coach varnishes, black baking enamels, japaris, insulating compositions and water-proofing compositions. Two counties in the State of Utah are the sole source of commercial quantities of gilsonite in this country. Gilsonite as mined in these counties varies in its properties from one deposit to another and its properties often vary. Within a given deposit. In addition, many of the more accesssible deposits are being depleted. Consequently, the industry is faced with the problem of providing a suitable replacement material for Gilsonite in such compositions.

Gilsonite is used as insulated coating for pipes. This material is a non-toxic gum with excellent adhesiveness. Anti-corrosion coatings which are chemically inert can be produced from Gilsonite. In the wood and carpentry industry, Gilsonite is used as a solidifying agent (glue). This material is waterproof and corrosion resistant. Since Gilsonite is a very hard resin, it produces very hard products.

Gilsonite In Chemicals

Gilsonite Usage In Chemical Products

Gilsonite combines with many chemicals and materials that take advantage of its unique physical and chemical properties. Binder and coating applications in metallurgical, wood product, refractory, and other industries further demonstrate the versatility and usefulness of this remarkable material. This material is a non-toxic, non-carcinogenic and cost-effective replacement for natural rubber. Gilsonite is used as a solidifying agent in metal alloys. This material has a high carbon percentage which creates a reductive environment when added to melted steel. In shaping metals, natural bitumen is again used as a solidifying agent. Moreover, compared to other polymers, natural bitumen produces less smoke in high temperatures. Gilsonite as a solidifying and mixing material is used in steel desulfurization process.

This material has volatile ingredients which facilitate the mixing of desulfurization chemical materials such as magnesium and hydrated lime. Moreover, it increases the percentage of the carbon added to steel and as soon as oxidation happens in high temperature, it creates a reductive environment. In the manufacturing of products such as clutch plates and brake parts is used using natural bitumen which is basically as a solidifying agent. This material is also used as an additive for increasing paints shade and in some cases for reducing friction. Furthermore, natural bitumen is used as insulated coatings for pipes.

This material is a non-toxic gum with excellent adhesiveness. Anti-corrosion coatings which are chemically inert can be produced from Gilsonite. In the wood and carpentry industry, natural bitumen is used as a solidifying agent (glue). This material is waterproof and corrosion resistant. Since Gilsonite is a very hard resin, it produces very hard products. This material is also used in making paints and because of its chemical properties; it penetrates the surface of the objects which should be glued together. Moreover, a sticky material is produced from Gilsonite which is resistant against the destructing effects of ultraviolet light.

Advantages Of Using Gilsonite In Chemicals

• non-toxic
• non-carcinogenic
• cost-effective replacement for natural rubber
• high carbon percentage
• produces less smoke in high temperatures
• volatile ingredients

Gilsonite In Isolation

Gilsonite Usage In Isolation & waterproofing

 By mixing Gilsonite, calcium carbonate, and  bitumen  with stretch enhancer oil , it is produced by an isogamy that creates composite and increases the thermal resistance of the rubble and creates a stable and homogeneous coating.

Gilsonite is extremely hydrophobe and resistant to acid and alkali and as it contains polymer hydrocarbons is considered an excellent additive to bitumen and reduces its high-temperature sensitivity and permeability, and increases its softening point and high-temperature performance as a direct consequence of increase of its brookfield viscosity, resulting in a higher quality and integrated asphalt, and is a cheap substitute of SBS modification polymers. Furthermore, gilsonite is far more easily mixed comparing with other asphalt modification polymers, increases performance grading (PG), load bearing, stability and resistance of asphalt as it contains sulfur and sulfur compounds which omits some of contractorship operations and makes it very economical. It is also used in isolation of bridges and channels due to its solubility, high isolation properties, stability, and resistance against weather conditions.

Advantages

Gilsonite Usage In Isolation Causes

• Increased shear strength
• Increased resistance to movement of layers
• Low temperature flexibility is maintained
• Reduced the tendency of the isogamy to move and use on sloping surfaces.
• Reduced fluctuations at high temperatures
• The combination of low temperature flexibility and high temperature shear strength and resistance to motion

Gilsonite In Asphalt

Gilsonite Usage In Asphalt

Gilsonite (Natural Asphalt) are natural occurring hydrocarbon substances characterized by a high softening point (above 110° C) in the class known as asphaltite. They are mined much like other minerals and sold essentially in their native state. They are fully compatible with asphalt and have long been known as asphalt hardeners and reinforcing agents. Gilsonite is currently sold all over the world as a road bitumen modifier in the form of a dry bulk solid granular powder.

Gilsonite modified road asphalt (GMA) have been particularly successful in highly stressed traffic areas. Natural bitumen, as the majority constituent, has been combined with virgin polymers such as Styrene Butadiene  Styrene (SBS) and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA). GMA binders generally do not increase asphalt binder content requirement in pavement mixtures. It’s modified binders significantly extend the useful life of asphalt pavement.

Gilsonite increases the viscosity of asphalt so roadways resist deformation and fatigue, even under temperature extremes – unlike other modifications or high modulus asphalt based on RAP.

It is generally regarded that Gilsonite reduces pavements’ low temperature properties making them susceptible to thermal cracking. Gilsonite melted into hot asphalt will reduce penetration and increase viscosity of the asphalt binder. Gilsonite may also be mixed with aggregate prior to combining with the asphalt binder.

Advantages

• Improved resistance to deformation
• Further durability
• prosper economic performance of the road
• retriever for poor aggregates
• Improved resistance to stripping and fatigue
• Compensation for poor mixes design
• Tensile strength – The addition of Gilsonite significantly increased both the unconditioned and moisture-conditioned tensile strength.
  Compressive strength – Gilsonite-modified binders showed significant improvement in compressive strength.
  Rutting strength – Gilsonite-modified binders significantly increased projected pavement life. In all but one case, adding Gilsonite yielded a ten-fold increase.
  Fatigue resistance – The projected pavement life is 1.5 to 5 times longer with the Gilsonite-modified binders.

Gilsonite In Inks

Gilsonite Usage in Inks & Paints

Inks

ER resins are “engineered resins”; the term “ER resin” or “Gilsonite ER resin”, as used herein, means a purified fraction of uintaite. These fractions are substantially enriched in maltenes or asphalteness relative to natural uintaite. Merely dissolving uintaite in a solvent in which it is soluble (i.e., a solvent that dissolves greater than about 90% of the uintaite) and filtering this solution does not produce a purified fraction of uintaite as defined herein. Such a simple filtration process does not substantially change the asphaltene to maltene ratio from that of natural uintaite.

Therefore it does not produce the asphaltene-enriched and maltene-enriched purified fraction of uintaite useful in this invention. The term “maltene”, as used herein, refers to the fraction of uintaite that is dissolved when finely ground uintaite is contacted with 20 volumes of hot heptane at 80 solution is filtered through a 0.8 micron filter. Maltene-enriched fractions of uintaite, such as ER-140 and ER-115, have a weight ratio of maltenes to asphaltenes of greater than about 6; preferably greater than about 15; most preferably these resins are substantially free of asphaltenes, i.e., less than 2 wt. % asphaltenes. Moreover these resins are also substantially free of ash. Maltene-enriched ER resins as defined herein have softening points below about 140 relative to natural uintaite; they have at least 50% fewer asphalteness than natural uintaite, preferably at least 75% fewer, and more preferably at least 90% fewer.

These maltene-enriched ER resins also have reduced mineral-derived insolubles, i.e., ash. These insolubles are below 0.1% by weight, preferably below 0.05%. The maltene-enriched fractions of uintaite useful in this invention comprise at least 60% maltenes, preferably at least 80% maltenes and most preferably at least 90% maltenes. Maltene-enriched ER resins have lower softening points than those of natural uintaite. Solution viscosity, viscosity stability and melt viscosity are also substantially improved over available grades of natural uintaite. The less soluble, high melting, asphaltene-enriched fractions are also called ER resins.

Paints

There are few prior art coating compositions which combine the highly desired characteristics of economy, low raw material cost and compatibility with most of the raw materials used in the paint, varnish and enamel in dustry, and at the same time are also highly resistant to acid and alkali materials, non-corrosive toward the surface upon which they are applied, weather-resistant and of high electrical insulating value. There is, however, one composition which possesses all of these properties. This composition is one containing gilsonite as a principal constituent. For example, a Gilsonite and drying oil composition possesses all of these desirable qualities to a considerable extent.

Gilsonite in Cementing

Gilsonite In Cementing

Gilsonite is used in cementing slurries to provide density control, scouring action for mud removal, and to support compressive strength development. It has a unique reaction with shale that improves cement bond development and strength.The wellbore is the primary hole on which the final well will be made. Also, wellbores can be encased by steel or cement or in some cases, depending on the situation, may not be encased.In oil wells, it is necessary to encase the wellbore by cement. Adding the Gilsonite material during oil well cementing enhances the isolation characteristics while decreasing the vertiginous Gas flows. These characteristics can result in more effective mud removal which also enhances the environmental factors. Drilling environmental regulations are getting more and stricter around the world.

Gilsonite in Oil Well Cementing Advantages

Gilsonite significantly improves cement properties, cuts cost, and difficulty of consuming several additives. Gilsonite guarantees zonal isolation, diminishes environmental hazard, enhances ultimate recovery, and lowers total cost of ownership for the life of a well. Cement integrity and wellbore architecture are considered vital to performance and total recovery of wells. Thanks to its distinctive chemical properties and physical appearances, Gilsonite is the supreme cement additive for a wide range of wellbore configurations.

Gilsonite is a soft rock with the specific gravity of 1.04. So it can act simply as an easy rock to be pumped down the well.
Gilsonite Application will decrease the return of the gasses to the surface. The Nature of Gilsonite is adaptable with Oil matters including resins used in cement. While using High Softening Point Gilsonite (above 180) shall avoid softening of the sand pumping down and keeps the thickening intact.

Cementing with Gilsonite significantly decreases the cost of water agents caused by loss of free water. A cement produced by Gilsonite is suitable for blocking or plugging an abandoned pipeline or backfilling a mine shaft, tunnel or excavations contains Portland cement or a mixture of at least two components selected from Portland cement, A cementitious slurry, formulated from the cement mix, may have a density less than or equal to 1500kg/m3, and exhibits good compressive strength.

In the formulation of the cementing composition of the invention, it is preferable to employ Gilsonite in an amount ranging from approximately one-half to approximately ten times by volume the amount of the cement utilized, depending upon the particular result desired.
The lower range is employed where maximum strength is important; the higher range where the various qualities imparted by the gilsonite are most important.

Particle size and particle size distribution of the Gilsonite determine the strength and porosity-permeability characteristics of the set cement for any given mix ratio.
Where maximum strength is desirable, a coarse gilsonite Where lightest weight and lowest porosity-permeability are important and strength is to be sacrificed or is of little importance, an aggregate of minus 50 mesh or finer may be used.

Cement slurry

Conditions are often encountered in the field requiring various combinations of particle size and particle size distribution. The above examples represent extremes. The mix must, however, always pumpable through the system from the mixing point to the final point of placement of the cement slurry. The coarser the aggregate, the less that may be present in any given slurry without impeding pump ability.
For example, a cement-Gilsonite ration of 1:4, using the coarse aggregate specified above, is difficult to pump and is likely to plug restricted passages in the system, whereas the same mix, using the fine aggregate specified above, will never plug if the water-cement ratio is high enough.
An amount of a petroleum solvent which depends upon the amount of Gilsonite present, may be added to the wet or dry mix for wetting the surface of the Gilsonite particles and causing them to form an intimate bond with casing and earth formations of the bore hole, thus preventing corrosion and minimizing pulling away of the cement from the casing and/or borehole wall by reason of the shrinkage normal to setting of the cement.
Instead of adding the solvent directly to the mix, it may be pumped through the casing and into the cementing zone in advance of the Gilsonite-cement slurry.

Set Cement Benefits

• Maintains compressive strength, unlike coal or fly ash
• Increases flexibility
• Reduces cracking
• Heals micro fissures
• Reduces permeability
• Strengthens bond to the formation and the casing
• Reduces environmental risk
• Assures zonal isolation

Cement Slurry Benefits

• Increases yield
• Reduces slurry weight
• Controls free water
• Lowers slurry water ratio
• Promotes favorable rheologies resulting in lower ECDs
• Prevents lost circulation
• Scours wellbore/enhances mud removal

Gilsonite in Drilling Fluid Loss Control

Drilling Fluid Loss Control

One of the important features of Gilsonite is it’s softening point temperature, Which has made Gilsonite effective in the following cases:

1- In oil-base muds, it is used as a fluid loss control agent

The addition of Gilsonite to oil well cements reduces slurry weight without loss of compression strength and acts as an effective bridging and plugging agent to seal fractures in weak formations while cementing.

2- In water-base muds, it is used as a shale-stabilizing additive and is difficult to evaluate unless tested at or above its softening point.

It helps minimize hole washout by stabilizing troublesome shales, and seals off highly permeable sands while reducing torque and drag

• As an integral component of premium drilling fluid products.
• The dissolved Gilsonite increases drilling fluid viscosity, providing lubrication, and together with the sealing off and stabilization of problem rock around the well bore, helps prevent the drill pipe from getting stuck in well.

Gilsonite prevents formation damage
Gilsonite forms a physical and chemical bond with permeable formations, creating an effective seal to prevent the passage of drilling fluid. By uniquely functioning as both a malleable and solid plugging agent, Gilsonite controls fluid loss and seepage, prevents lost circulation and protects reactive and low-reactive shale surfaces, even at elevated bottom hole temperatures.

Proven to strengthen the wellbore
HP/HT wells, shales and under pressured zones require specialized drilling fluids and wellbore-strengthening techniques. Adding Gilsonite to an OBM, SBM or WBM strengthens the well by:

• Reducing pore pressure transmission and sealing micro-fractures in shale and low-porosity sands
• Keeping interbedding formations intact
• Developing effective filter cake
• Providing a “smear effect” that creates a continuous protective sealant along the wellbore wall

The most effective additive to prevent differential sticking
Gilsonite minimizes the occurrence of stuck pipe and stuck logging tools by thoroughly sealing permeable formations – even in zones with a highly overbalanced pressure differential – and improving filter cake lubricity.

Gilsonite is the only drilling fluid additive that provides all of these benefits:

• Controls fluid loss and seepage
• Stabilizes shales
• Prevents lost circulation
• Strengthens the wellbore to increase wellbore stability
• Minimizes differential sticking
• Promotes effective filter cake development
• Performs in oil- and water-based drilling muds
• Performs in HP/HT environments
• Minimizes HSE risks

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES

Naturally occurring Gilsonite has significant health advantages over synthetic products. Gilsonite is:

• Non-toxic (unlike coal or fly ash)
• Non-carcinogenic
• Non-mutagenic

Packing of Gilsonite in lump and powder form

For Drilling Fluid Loss Control

FLC in lump form like rock packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

FLC 200 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 300 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 30-40 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 100 mesh packed in 500~1000 kg jumbo bag.

Drilling fluid additive 300 mesh packed in 25 kg pp bag.

Drilling fluid additive 200 mesh packed 25 kg multi-paper bag.

Drilling fluid additive 200 mesh packed 50 lbs. multi-paper bag.

Drilling fluid additive 30-40 mesh packed pp bag on pallet.

Micronized Gilsonite Powder

Micronized Gilsonite Powder Description

HJ Oil Group Supplies Micronized Gilsonite powder with a diameter of 80 to 400 mesh and ashes from 0% to 25%.

The company is taking advantage of experts who are capable of processing Gilsonite lump to alter them to powder with the size 80 to 400 mesh and packing according to customer’s order.

Gilsonite is a Soft Rock, meaning that it can be simply made into Gilsonite Powder. A 200m2 industrial unit is sufficient to set up a grinding mill, while complimentary packaging equipment is also necessary to wrap Gilsonite into different packaging, from 1 MT jumbo bags to 25 kg worker bags.
The technology of grinding minerals is vast and advanced expertise which has been developed in different countries. The tricky part of Gilsonite pulverizing is about one of its principal characteristics, i.e. having BITUMEN CONTENT inside. Applying energy into natural bitumen releases the bitumen content, therefore taking the rock asphalt under grinding, makes it a sticky powder, especially if the temperature is not properly controlled during the process.
Depending on the method of grinding, Gilsonite can be made in different mesh sizes, starting from 30 to 400 for Simple crushing machinery. Mesh size goes up to 500 – 1000 Mesh in case a Fusion unit is added.
Still many claims to supply a 3,000 Mesh Gilsonite Product which is a myth, considering there is no economical way to measure such dust particle size.
Another challenge is an environmental hazard. Pollution resulting from grinding the natural bitumen can end up in stopping the facility from production by the authorities in many countries. Still, There are primitive (using back filters) and advanced ways (using output Catalysts) to rectify the issue.

Packing of Micronized Gilsonite Powder

1– (25 kg± 5%) multi-layer laminate bags.

2– (25 kg± 5%) multi-layer paper bags.

3– (25 kg± 5%) multi-layer Sacks.

4– (25 kg± 5%) gunny bag.

Gilsonite Powder Specification

Data Sheet of Gilsonite 5-10%

Color in Mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Brown-Black
Softening point	160-220
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity@ 77℉	1.02-1.2
Hardness (mohr’s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,°C, C.O.C	>290
Trace elements	<1
Solubility in T.C.E Wt%	70-85
Solubility in CS2,Wt%	70-90
Ash	5-10
Fixed carbon	25-35

Data Sheet of Gilsonite 10-15%

Color in mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Black
softenin point	200- 240˚C
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity @77˚F	1.04-1.06
Hardness (Mohr҆ s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,˚C,C.O.C	280<
Trace elements	<1
Volatile matter	55-70
Ash	10-15
Fixed carbon	20-35

Data Sheet of Gilsonite 15-20%

Color in mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Black
Softening point	220-260˚C
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity @77˚F	1.04-1.2
Hardness (Mohr҆ s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,˚C,C.O.C	300<
Trace elements	<1
Solubility in T.C.E., Wt%	70-85
Volatile matter	60-75
Ash	15-20
Fixed Carbone	20-35

Data sheet of Gilsonite 20-25%

Color in mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Black
Black softening point	220-260˚C
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity @77˚F	1.04 -1.2
Hardness (Mohr҆ s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,˚C,C.O.C	300<
Trace elements	<1
Solubility in T.C.E., Wt%	60-70
Solubility in CS2,Wt%	70-80
Volatile matter	60-75
Ash	20-25
Fixed Carbone	20-35

Granul Gilsonite

Granul Gilsonite Description

HJ Oil Group Supplies Granul Gilsonite with a diameter of 30 to 40 meshes and ashes from 0% to 25%.

Gilsonite mines are respectively the largest reserves in the United States, Canada, Iraq, Russia, Venezuela, China, Australia, Mexico, Albania, and the Philippines (USGS, 2007; USGS, 2016a). The largest Gilsonite reserves in the world are located in Utah and Colorado states that have been estimated to contain the reserve of 45 million tons, according to the US Geological Survey (Pruitt, 1961; USGS, 2016a,b). Overall, about 65 percent of Gilsonite reserves are located in the North American continent consist of the United States and Canada, and Iran accounts for about 15 percent of these reserves as the third largest natural bitumen reserve globally (USGS, 2007; USGS, 2016a).

Packing of Granul Gilsonite

(25 kg± 5%) multi-layer laminate bags.
(25 kg± 5%) multi-layer paper bags.
(25 kg± 5%) multi-layer Sacks.
(25 kg± 5%) gunny bag.

It also can be palletized, shrank, and wrapped based on the customer’s request.

Granul Gilsonite Specification

Data Sheet of Gilsonite 5-10%

Color in Mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Brown-Black
Softening point	160-220
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity@ 77℉	1.02-1.2
Hardness (mohr’s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,°C, C.O.C	>290
Trace elements	<1
Solubility in T.C.E Wt%	70-85
Solubility in CS2,Wt%	70-90
Ash	5-10
Fixed carbon	25-35

Data Sheet of Gilsonite 10-15%

Color in mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Black
softenin point	200- 240˚C
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity @77˚F	1.04-1.06
Hardness (Mohr҆ s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,˚C,C.O.C	280<
Trace elements	<1
Volatile matter	55-70
Ash	10-15
Fixed carbon	20-35

Data Sheet of Gilsonite 15-20%

Color in mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Black
Softening point	220-260˚C
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity @77˚F	1.04-1.2
Hardness (Mohr҆ s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,˚C,C.O.C	300<
Trace elements	<1
Solubility in T.C.E., Wt%	70-85
Volatile matter	60-75
Ash	15-20
Fixed Carbone	20-35

Data sheet of Gilsonite 20-25%

Color in mass	Black
Color in streak or powder	Black
Black softening point	220-260˚C
Moisture content	<3
Specific gravity @77˚F	1.04 -1.2
Hardness (Mohr҆ s scale)	2
Penetration	0
Flash point,˚C,C.O.C	300<
Trace elements	<1
Solubility in T.C.E., Wt%	60-70
Solubility in CS2,Wt%	70-80
Volatile matter	60-75
Ash	20-25
Fixed Carbone	20-35